In codeigniter doc if you update specific field just do this

 ---------------------------------Controller----------------------------------------------------

public function update_quotestatus($id)
    {
        $data['title']  = 'Update Quote Status';
            
             //print_r($data['status']);die();
             $data['quote_id']=$id;


        $this->form_validation->set_rules('quotestatus', "Quote Status", "required|max_length[255]");
        $this->form_validation->set_rules('order_id', "Order Id", "required|max_length[255]|callback_valid_order_id[$id]");

            $userdata = array(
            'name'       => $this->input->post('quotestatus'),
            'order_id'       => $this->input->post('order_id'),
            'date'         => date("Y-m-d h:i:s"),

        );


        if ($this->form_validation->run())
        {

            if ($this->service_model->updateQuoteStatus($id,$userdata)) {

                $this->session->set_flashdata('message', 'Quote Status Updated successfully!');
                redirect("backend/cms/service/update_quotestatus/".$id);

            } else {
                $this->session->set_flashdata('exception', display('please_try_again'));
                redirect("backend/cms/service/update_quotestatus/".$id);

            }



        }else{
           $data['status'] = $this->service_model->getSingleQuoteStatus($id);
        $data['content'] = $this->load->view("backend/service/update_quotestatus", $data, true);
        $this->load->view("backend/layout/main_wrapper", $data);
    }

    }

---------------------------------Model-------------------------------------

        public function getSingleQuoteStatus($id)
    {
        return $this->db->select('*')
            ->from('quote_settings')
            ->where('id', $id)
            ->get()
            ->row();
            // echo $this->db->last_query();die();
    }


        public function updateQuoteStatus($id,$data)
    {
        return $this->db->where('id',$id)->update('quote_settings', $data);
        // echo $this->db->last_query();die();
    }


-------------------------------View Page--------------------------------------

<div class="row">
    <div class="col-sm-12 col-md-12">
        <div class="panel panel-bd lobidrag">
            <div class="panel-heading">
                <div class="panel-title">
                    <h2>Update Quote Status</h2>
                </div>
            </div>
            <div class="panel-body">
                <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-12 col-md-12 col-lg-12">
                <div class="border_preview">
             <?php echo form_open_multipart("backend/cms/service/update_quotestatus/".$quote_id) ?>
                    <div class="form-group row">
                        <label for="headline_en" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Name : <i class="text-danger">*</i></label>
                        <div class="col-sm-10">
                            <input name="quotestatus" class="form-control" value="<?php echo $status->name ?>" placeholder="<?php echo display("quotestatus") ?>" type="text" id="quotestatus">
                        </div>
                    </div>
                        <div class="form-group row">
                        <label for="headline_en" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Order Id : <i class="text-danger">*</i></label>
                        <div class="col-sm-10">
                            <input name="order_id" class="form-control" value="<?php echo $status->order_id ?>" placeholder="<?php echo display("order_id") ?>" type="text" id="order_id">
                        </div>
                    </div>
                   
                    <div class="row">
                        <div class="col-sm-9 col-sm-offset-2">
                            <a href="<?php echo base_url('backend/cms/service/view_quotestatus') ?>" class="btn btn-success  w-md m-b-5">Cancel</a>
                            <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success  w-md m-b-5">Update</button>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                <?php echo form_close() ?>
                </div>
                </div>
            </div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>

-------------------------Button Click-----------------------------------

 <a href="<?php echo base_url("backend/cms/service/form/$value->id") ?>" class="btn btn-info btn-sm" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left" title="Update"><i class="fa fa-pencil" aria-hidden="true"></i></a>


-------------------------table-------------------------------

id -- int
name -  varchar
order_id --- int
date -   date and time